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Catechins (flavan-3-ols) is the most important secondary metabolites in the tea plant.The aim of this study was to elucidate the biosynthetic pathway of galloylated catechins in the tea plant.The results suggested that galloylated catechins were biosynthesized via 1-Oglucose ester-dependent two-step reactions by acyltransferases, which involved two enzymes, UDP-glucose: galloyl-1-O-β-D-glucosyltransferase (UGGT) and a newly discovered enzyme, epicatechin : 1-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose O-galloyltransferase (ECGT).