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以往用户是不能改变既定集成块的功能的。虽然传统的可编程门阵列可以由用户指定集成电路的功能,但必须由集成电路生产厂家编程并形成掩膜。因此,用户产品的开发周期长、成本高、保密性差、设计风险及订货风险大。用户可编程门阵列则是让用户在自己的条件下,按自己的要求自行编程,这就克服了传统门阵列的种种弊端。由于VLSI技术的发展,近年来用户可编程门阵列发展很快,品种很多。本文介绍两种深受欢迎的可编程门阵(第一种是用户可编程逻辑晶胞门阵列,LCA;第二种是用户可编程场控门阵列,FPGA)的结构和原理。
In the past, users can not change the functionality of a given block. Although traditional programmable gate arrays can be specified by the user for the functionality of the integrated circuit, they must be programmed and masked by the integrated circuit manufacturer. Therefore, the user’s product development cycle length, high cost, poor security, design risk and ordering risk. User-programmable gate array is to allow users in their own conditions, according to their own requirements of programming, which overcomes the shortcomings of the traditional gate array. Due to the development of VLSI technology, in recent years, the user-programmable gate array has developed rapidly and has many varieties. This article describes two popular programmable gate array (the first is a user programmable logic cell gate array, LCA; the second is a user programmable field-gate array, FPGA) structure and principles.