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Purpose Intranasal gene therapy has recently drawn attention as a noninvasive method for administering therapeutic genes.Increasing evidence has suggested that numerous pharmaceutical agents can reach the brain by the nasal route.Intranasally administered antiepileptic drugs have been delivered to the brain, and intranasal administration of neurotrophic factors was found to offer some degree of brain targeting with minimal invasiveness.The use of the sniffing neuropeptide has been suggested as a transnasal approach for targeting agents to the human brain.