As the constant economic and social development of China, people’s ideology is undergoing great changes. Literature related to human perception and the deeply inner need of expressing themselves, that’s why the comprehension of literature should keep step with the updating consciousness of the times. With the improving of educational concept, ministry of education has raised more comprehensive and extensive teaching standard in New Curriculum. Opposing to the old teaching standards which emphasis the language functional usage while ignoring the aesthetic education, only it not give aesthetic education a great attention, but meanwhile, to promote the ability of exploring and communicating or collaborating in Chinese class which should be constructed more richer and diverse to form the basis ensuring teaching class of students with different interest meet, and developing their personality. Literature education in high school mainly focus on the Chinese class, and the modern Western literature is an important part of foreign literature, not only its aesthetic style, but also it contains a profound spiritual values, it is unique to the modern spirit of analysis, and therefore we should pay attention to modern Western literature in high school learning.This paper includes five parts:The first part elaborates the research advantage of this issue, research review and the research methods. The second part states the Problem-based learning policy’s theoretical basis, characteristics and implementation of it. The third part analysises the problems of the Western Modern Literature in high school Chinese teaching and its causing. The fourth part discusses the meaning and strategy of PBL teaching policy in high school Chinese teaching. The last part summarizing the whole paper and refining my points of view.