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目的:通过对全国36批不同产地市售独活饮片质量进行研究与评价。并研究独活饮片的抗氧化性作用,对比不同地域独活饮片主要含量差异。阐述不同产地独活饮片的质量差异性,为重庆市有关部门整合中药材资源,建立独活饮片质量标准提供参考依据。 方法:从全国收集36批市售独活饮片,每个地区收集两批,分别从医院和药房收集。通过对样品总灰分,酸不溶性灰分、水分含量、水溶性浸出物、醇溶性浸出物、蛇床子素和二氢欧山芹醇当归酸酯含量测定(HPLC法)以及独活饮片外形特点、薄层色谱鉴别、独活饮片抗氧化性研究(MDA, SOD试剂法)并进行对比研究。 结果:2010版《中国药典》收录的独活正品为重齿毛当归。根据本实验研究可知:36批的活饮片含水量分别为:10.63%,9.78%,10.13%,9.25%,10.24%,10.02%,10.64%,9.42%,9.36%,11.12%,10.03%,9.67%,10.25%,7.38%,8.26%,8.14%,10.27%,9.23%,8.69%,11.02%,11.56%,9.45%,9.95%,10.26%,10.47%,10.87%,9.37%,8.87%,8.37%,9.33%,9.77%,10.67%,9.32%,8.19%,9.12%,8.68%。药屑杂质分别是:1.01%,1.24%,0.78%,0.98%,1.62%,1.97%,1.37%,1.59%,1.31%,1.29%,1.19%,1.42%,0.75%,1.19%,1.13%,2.34%,1.37%,1.47%,2.36%,1.17%,1.98%,1.20%,1.57%,1.21%,0.69%,0.68%,0.71%,1.21%,1.37%,1.49%,1.86%,2.13%,2.16%,1.67%,1.57%,1.87%。总灰分含量分别为:1.78%,1.91%,1.42%,1.69%,3.15%,3.55%,2.15%,2.83%,2.18%,1.96%,1.97%,2.47%,1.47%,1.88%,1.82%,2.15%,1.89%,2.24%,3.76%,2.75%,3.64%,3.77%,3.04%,3.15%,2.38%,2.81%,2.09%,2.25%,3.79%,3.82%,4.23%,4.98%,3.67%,4.15%,3.47%,3.91%。酸不溶性灰分含量分别为:0.68%,0.75%,0.43%,0.6%,0.62%,0.47%,0.56%,0.82%,0.31%,0.57%,0.46%,037%,0.25%,0.38%,0.46%,0.36%,0.57%,0.29%,0.47%,0.42%,0.53%,0.47%,0.72%,0.38%,0.34%,0.63%,0.54%,0.64%,0.72%,0.86%,0.57%,0.68%,0.73%,0.85%,0.93%,0.77%。水溶性浸出物含量分别为:45.83%,40.74%,47.62%,45.37%,32.6%,28.32%,36.37%,31.23%,38.19%,40.12%,41.23%,36.72%,46.78%,40.43%,43.38%,38.42%,40.16%,39.13%,28.13%,31.12%,28.12%,24.21%,31.23%,30.12%,36.12%,31.31%,37.16%,35.31%,28.16%,26.21%,22.14%,19.23%,27.14%,23.24%,26.13%,24.38%。醇溶性浸出物含量分别为:48.32%,46.01%,48.79%,46.05%,45.59%,45.72%,46.70%,46.50%,43.85%,49.91%,47.91%,47.86%,53.30%,51.92%,49.92%,47.28%,46.33%,48.41%,31.36%,42.86%,42.20%,39.35%,46.00%,48.57%,47.17%,47.63%,43.96%,44.73%,44.00%,41.48%,39.6%,37.04%,46.83%,47.00%,46.79%,44.38%。蛇床子素含量分别为:0.77%,0.68%,0.86%,0.79%,0.68%,0.51%,0.61%,0.58%,0.41%,0.39%,0.65%,0.57%,0.91%,0.71%,0.76%,0.57%,0.68%,0.54%,0.46%,0.49%,0.41%,0.39%,0.58%,0.51%,0.65%,0.62%,0.49%,0.41%,0.58%,0.52%,0.31%,0.29%,0.55%,0.58%,0.51%,0.46%。二氢欧山芹醇当归酸酯含量分别为:0.21%,0.12%,0.25%,0.19%,0.12%,0.09%,0.10%,0.14%,0.12%,0.15%,0.17%,0.13%,0.23%,0.18%,0.19%,0.09%,0.15%,0.13%,0.03%,011%,0.05%,0.02%,0.12%,0.08%,0.10%,0.09%,0.4%,0.16%,0.07%,0.05%,0.04%,0.02%,0.09%,0.08%,0.09%,0.06%。 运用薄层色谱鉴别独活地道性,通过测定经独活喂养的小鼠的MDA,SOD值确定了独活的抗氧化性作用。 结论:通过对36批市售独活饮片的质量研究表明:独活具有抗氧化性作用。不同产地独活饮片从外形,气味,理化性质,以及主要含量都存在差异。同种产地不同销售途径的独活饮片也存在差异。市售独活质量情况参差不齐。