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现代人不能不惊讶地看到:在残暴与粗野的封建罗斯制度与高雅而又神圣的艺术之间,矛盾的对比竟是如此的鲜明。但是这完全不能表明,艺术与不幸的现实生活是绝缘的。那种认为当时天才画家们是在一种完全与周围现实生活环境相隔绝的情况下进行创作的观点,实质上是用当今现代主义的病态观念在解释过去。那时候的俄罗斯人总是在深切地关注着现实生活的发展,并且更力图在艺术中表现出在现实中他们所不能实现的、对民族理想的向往。鲁勃廖夫作品中所流露出的那异常优美的纯净和安谧,就如同在两场浴血交战之间战场上的宁静。 当然,在整个古代圣像绘画作品中,最引起史学家注意的,大概是它们之中那种如何直接对待当时人民生活的态度问题。殉道者鲍里斯与格列勃的形象就反映出当时他们是如何劝诫大公们放弃内讧的,当时整个国家都因内讧而惨遭不幸。而“祈祷的”诺夫哥罗德市民们却是诺夫哥罗德的商界贵族们虔诚地自我守诫的真实写照。《诺夫哥罗德人与苏兹达里人的战役》(见第一部分图3)再现的却是当时的地方爱国主义精神,当时诺夫哥罗德人的自由正遭受到来自莫斯科大公队伍的威胁.表现彼得和阿列克塞的圣像——是对王公教会所属公民们忘我精神的颂扬,是对莫斯科大公
Modern people can not but see with astonishment the contradictory contrast between the brutal and brutal feudal Rose system and the elegant and sacred art. But this simply can not show that art and unfortunate real life are insulated. The view that genius painters were writing at a time completely isolated from the surrounding real-life environment essentially explained the past with morbid concepts of today’s modernism. At that time, Russians were always deeply concerned with the development of real life and tried hard to show in art what they could not accomplish in reality and longing for national ideals. The exceptionally beautiful purity and tranquility revealed in the work of Lubbleve is like the peace on the battlefield between the two bloody battles. Of course, among the paintings of ancient holy images, the ones that have drawn the most attention from historians are probably the ones among them who deal directly with the people’s lives at that time. The images of the martyrs Boris and Grebe reflect how they had at that time exhorted Grand Duke to renounce their infighties, when the country as a whole was tragically unlucky. The “prayers” of the people of Novgorod were nevertheless true portrayals of the devoutly self-disciplined business nobility in Novgorod. The “Battle of the Nizhny Novgorod and Suzdalis” (see Figure 1 in Part 1) reproduces the spirit of the local patriotism of that time when the freedom of the Novgorod people was suffering from the ranks of the Grand Duke of Moscow The icon of Peter and Alexei - a tribute to the selflessness of the citizens of the Crown Church,