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目的:观察腰椎间孔韧带的形态,探讨其生理意义。方法:选用足月胎儿尸体标本11具,解剖观察腰椎间孔韧带,用游标卡尺进行相关测量。结果:在22侧腰椎标本中未发现横孔上韧带,L1、L2和L3横孔下韧带的宽度、厚度和长度分别为:L1:(1.4±0.4)mm、(0.4±0.2)mm、(2.8±0.5)mm,L2:(1.3±0.4)mm、(0.4±0.2)mm、(2.8±0.5)mm,L3:(1.6±0.1)mm、(0.4±0.1)mm、(2.8±0.9)mm,L4和L5椎间孔内未发现横孔下韧带;标本中未发现体横上韧带,体横下韧带分布于L3～L5椎间孔的外侧,其宽度、厚度和长度分别为:L3:(2.1±0.4)mm、(0.6±0.1)mm、(4.5±1.2)mm、L4:(2.0±1.2)mm、(0.4±0.2)mm、(5.7±0.8)mm,L5:(2.4±0.8)mm、(0.4±0.2)mm、(5.0±1.0)mm。结论:胎儿腰椎间孔韧带普遍存在,其为腰椎的正常组织结构。
Objective: To observe the morphology of lumbar intervertebral foramina and to explore its physiological significance. Methods: Eleven fetus specimens of full-term fetus were selected. The lumbar intervertebral foramen was dissected and related measurements were made by vernier calipers. Results: No transverse superior collateral ligament was found in 22 sides of the lumbar vertebra. The width, thickness and length of the ligaments in L1, L2 and L3 transverse holes were L1 (1.4 ± 0.4) mm and (0.4 ± 0.2) mm respectively (0.4 ± 0.2) mm, (2.8 ± 0.5) mm, L3: (1.6 ± 0.1) mm, (0.4 ± 0.1) mm, (2.8 ± 0.9) mm, L4 and L5 intervertebral foramen were not found transverse transverse ligament; specimens were not found transverse transverse ligament, transverse ligament body L3 ~ L5 foramen lateral in the width, thickness and length were: L3 (2.1 ± 0.4) mm, (0.6 ± 0.1) mm, (4.5 ± 1.2) mm, L4: (2.0 ± 1.2) mm, (0.4 ± 0.2) mm, 0.8) mm, (0.4 ± 0.2) mm, (5.0 ± 1.0) mm. Conclusion: Fetal lumbar intervertebral foramen is widespread, which is normal tissue structure of the lumbar spine.