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[目的]明确肾综合征出血热(HFRS)、鼠间汉坦病毒(HV)感染分布状况和现患病例血清型,为进一步探索流行规律,确定疫源地性质和制定防治策略及效果评价提供科学依据。[方法]分别应用IFAT、微量细胞中和试验(MCPENT)方法检测人、鼠间HV感染状况和病人血清型别。[结果]1997～2007年共发生本地病例178例,死亡10例,病死率5.6%,发病呈现连续上升并且2002年达最高峰,近两年明显下降和高度散发与相对集中的流行特点。部分现患病例(27例)血清分型26例为汉城型(SEO型);其中l例SEO、HTN型中和抗体滴度等同,可能是两型病毒的感染。正常人群总感染率为12.5%。鼠间广泛存在着HV感染,年度带病毒率7.32%～32.90%。带病毒鼠指数较高,与人群发病率呈正相关(P﹤O.01)。[结论]发病呈现连续5年上升后开始下降和高度散发与相对集中的基本流行特点;正常人群总感染率较低,鼠间广泛存在着HV感染,现患病例基本均属SEO型;对重点人群及密切接种者开展出血热疫苗免疫,可以明显降低发病率。
[Objective] To determine the distribution of hantavirus hemorrhagic fever (HFRS) and hantavirus (HV) in sera and the serotypes of present-day cases in order to further explore the epidemic law, determine the nature of the epidemic and make prevention and cure strategies and evaluation Provide a scientific basis. [Method] The IFAT and MCPENT method were used to detect the HV infection and the serotypes of the patients. [Results] A total of 178 local cases were observed in 1997-2007, with 10 deaths and a case fatality rate of 5.6%. The incidence rate showed a continuous rise and reached its peak in 2002, significantly decreased in the past two years, and was highly distributed and relatively concentrated. In some cases (27 cases), 26 cases were sero-type sero-type (SEO type). One case of SEO and HTN-type neutralizing antibody titers were identical, which may be two types of virus infection. The general population infection rate was 12.5%. There is a wide range of HV infection in rats, with annual virus rates ranging from 7.32% to 32.90%. A higher viral mouse index was positively correlated with the incidence of the population (P <0.01). [Conclusion] The incidence showed the basic epidemic characteristics of descending and highly concentrated and relatively concentrated after 5 years’ rising. The total infection rate in normal population was low and there was widespread HV infection in rats. The prevalence of these cases was basically SEO type. Key populations and close vaccinates for hemorrhagic fever vaccine immunization, can significantly reduce the incidence.