作为按培养目标建立的两类不同中等教育机构,普通高中和职业高中各有其不同使命。但以分数标准对学生人群所做的人为划分,使两类学校彼此间存在着严重的对立倾向。这既与多年来教育宏观指导思想的偏差有关,也与人们对课程理解的失误有关。借鉴和引入认知学徒制的有关理论和做法,对学术课程和技术课程进行适当整合,有助于消除两种教育之间的对立,并切实贯彻教育与生产劳动相结合的思想。 As two different types of secondary education establishments that have been set up for training purposes, senior high schools and vocational high schools each have their own different missions. However, the artificial division of the student population by the fractional standards made the two schools have a serious opposite orientation to each other. This is not only related to the deviation of macroscopical guiding ideology of education over the years, but also to people’s mistakes in understanding the curriculum. Learning from and introducing the relevant theories and practices of cognitive apprenticeship, proper integration of academic courses and technical courses helps to eliminate the confrontation between the two kinds of education and effectively implement the idea of ​​combining education with productive labor.