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1988年建立的土地有偿使用制度,实现了我国土地产权的市场化,对培育土地市场和促进经济发展发挥了重要作用,但土地产权的界定不够明晰,缺少外部效应内部化的政策机制,引发土地市场的一系列问题。借助新制度经济学的分析框架,从土地产权的角度分析了政府行为对土地市场的影响,并运用特征价格法,对广州市地铁二号线和内环路建设的实例,分析评价了政府行为对土地价值的影响。最后从完善土地产权的角度探讨了政府在土地市场中的角色和作用,指出由于缺乏对政府行为引起的“得益”和“受损”的应对机制,导致政府利益受损和土地市场的不公平与不确定性,需从土地产权角度出发,完善相关政策。
The system of compensation for the use of land established in 1988 has brought about the marketization of land ownership in our country and played an important role in nurturing the land market and promoting economic development. However, the definition of land property rights is not clear enough, and there is a lack of internalized policy mechanisms for external effects, A series of problems in the market. With the analysis framework of new institutional economics, this paper analyzes the influence of government action on land market from the perspective of land property rights. By using the characteristic price method, this article analyzes the construction of Guangzhou Metro Line 2 and Inner Ring Road, analyzes and evaluates the government behavior Impact on land value. Finally, from the perspective of perfecting the land property rights, this paper discusses the role and function of the government in the land market. It points out that due to the lack of coping mechanisms for the “profits” and “damages” caused by government actions, The unfairness and uncertainty of the land market need to improve the relevant policies from the perspective of land property rights.