阿克苏位于新疆南部的天山南麓,塔里木盆地北缘,东西长约500km,南北宽约350km,总面积11×10~4km~2。本区气候为典型大陆性干旱气候,空气干燥,降雨量少,蒸发量大,冬季严寒,冻结深度大,夏季则相当炎热。历史最大冻结深度、解冻时间及最低气温列于表1。 处于河流上中游段的乌什、柯坪、拜城、温宿等县和生产建设兵团几个农恳团场,由于当地砂石料或块石储量丰富,运距较近,当用混凝土和圬土构筑渠系水工建筑物时,一般能按设计要求,采用较大的尺寸和较厚的砂砾垫层。据调查,对于冬季停水的建筑物,由于地基透水性强,故冻胀破坏一般不严重。但对于冬季输水的渠系建筑物,由于混凝土分缝未作止水处理,砂砾地基中充满水分,因此渠道混凝土衬砌常因里外不均匀冻胀而破裂。例如,渭干河新沙干渠总闸以下2.5km的渠道混凝土衬砌板,特别是 Aksu is located in southern Tianshan Mountains in southern Xinjiang, the northern margin of Tarim Basin, east-west length of about 500km, north-south width of 350km, with a total area of ​​11 × 10 ~ 4km ~ 2. The climate in this area is a typical continental arid climate with dry air, less rainfall, large amount of evaporation, severe cold in winter, large freezing depth and rather hot in summer. The history of the maximum frozen depth, thaw time and minimum temperature are listed in Table 1. In the upper middle reaches of the river, Wushu, Keping, Baicheng, Wensu counties and production and construction Corps several farms, due to the local gravel or block of rock rich reserves, transport distance closer, when using concrete and 圬Soil construction canal system of hydraulic structures, generally according to design requirements, the use of larger size and thick gravel cushion. According to the survey, for buildings without water in winter, due to the high permeability of the foundation, the damage caused by frost heaving is generally not serious. However, for the canal system of water conveyance in winter, the concrete lining of the channel is often ruptured due to uneven frost heaving both inside and outside due to the non-stop treatment of concrete joints and the gravel foundation filled with water. For example, the Weigan River Xinsha main canal gate following the 2.5km of concrete slab lining, in particular