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目的分析导致婴幼儿缺铁性贫血(iron deficiency anemia,IDA)的相关危险因素。方法 2010年10月-2011年10月在山西省儿童医院血液科住院治疗的缺铁性贫血患儿和同期在儿保科门诊体检的健康婴幼儿各65例,进行回顾性病例对照研究。收集其性别、年龄、胎龄、出生体重等信息,建立Logistic回归模型,进行单因素及多因素分析。结果单因素分析结果其中患儿居住地、家庭经济状况、母亲文化程度、父亲文化程度、是否接受育儿指导、母乳喂养、添加辅食时间、添加富含铁的食物、出生体重、是否早产、母亲晚期贫血等11个因素有统计学意义(P<0.05),提示这些因素可能和婴幼儿缺铁性贫血的发生有关。然后把这11项结果进行Logistic多因素分析,其中喂养方式、经济状况、母亲文化程度、添加辅食时间、辅食种类、出生体重、母晚期贫血情况7项指标在多因素条件Logistic回归分析中有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论结果提示喂养方式、经济状况、母亲文化程度、添加辅食时间、辅食种类、出生体重、母晚期贫血情况7项指标与婴幼儿缺铁性贫血的发病密切相关,可能为引起婴幼儿缺铁性贫血较显著的危险因素。
Objective To analyze the related risk factors of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in infants and young children. Methods A retrospective case-control study was conducted in 65 children with iron-deficiency anemia hospitalized in Hematology Department of Hefei Children’s Hospital of Shanxi Province from October 2010 to October 2011 and the healthy infants and young children examined in pediatrics clinic at the same period. Collecting information such as sex, age, gestational age and birth weight, establishing Logistic regression model to carry out univariate and multivariate analysis. Results The results of univariate analysis included children’s place of residence, family economic status, mother’s education level, father’s educational level, parental guidance, breastfeeding, complementary feeding time, adding iron-rich foods, birth weight, premature delivery, Anemia and other 11 factors were statistically significant (P <0.05), suggesting that these factors may be related to the occurrence of iron deficiency anemia in infants and young children. Logistic regression analysis showed that there were seven indicators of feeding pattern, economic status, mother’s education level, time of complementary feeding, complementary food, birth weight and anemia of mother and child. Logistic regression analysis included multivariate logistic regression analysis Significance (P <0.05). Conclusions The results suggest that the seven indicators of feeding, economic status, mother’s education, time of complementary feeding, complementary food, birth weight, anemia of late stage are closely related to the incidence of iron deficiency anemia in infants and young children, which may be caused by iron deficiency in infants and young children Anemia is more significant risk factors.