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人们一般都认为:经济基础是“一定社会的生产关系的总和”,面所谓“‘一定社会的生产关系的总和’,是指占主导地位的那种生产关系的各个方面、各个环节的总和,而不是把占主导地们的生产关系跟过去旧生产关系的残余以及未来生产关系的萌芽拚凑在一起。”(着重号为引者所加——下同)这实质上是说,经济基础就是一定社会占主导地位的生产关系。这就是所谓“单一经济基础”论。相应的,所谓上层建筑,也必然是单一的,即当时占主导地位的意识形态和政治法律制度。上述观点,长期以来已成定论。但笔者认为,社会主义初级阶段的理论,却为我们指明了新的研究方向。十三大报告指出:在所有制方面,“社会主义社会并不要求纯而又纯”,“在初级阶段,尤其要在以公有制为主体的前提下发展多种经济成分”。(本文所引文字,凡不注明出处者,均引自十三大报告)在社会主义初级阶段,个体经济、私人企业、中外合资企业和外商独资企
It is generally believed that the economic basis is “the sum of production relations in a given society,” and the so-called “total sum of productive relations in a certain society” refers to all aspects and all aspects of the dominant production relations, Rather than putting together the dominant relations of production with the remnants of the old relations of production and with the germination of the relations of future production. “(Emphasis added by cites - the same below) In essence, the economic basis is A certain society dominates the relations of production. This is the so-called ”single economic basis“ theory. Correspondingly, the so-called superstructure must also be single, that is, the dominant ideology and political and legal system at that time. This view has long been a definite conclusion. However, I believe that the theory of the primary stage of socialism has pointed out a new direction for our research. The 13th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out: In the aspect of ownership, ”socialism does not require purity and purity.“ ”In the early stages, it is necessary to develop a variety of economic components under the premise of public ownership." (Quoted in this article, where do not indicate the source, are cited from the 13 major reports) in the primary stage of socialism, the individual economy, private enterprises, Sino-foreign joint ventures and wholly foreign-owned enterprises