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本研究对乌鲁木齐地区温室春季发生的花卉害虫种类及其发生程度进行了调查,调查发现温室花卉春季发生的主要有害生物有15种,其中蚧类害虫8种,占53.33%,为温室花卉害虫的优势类群。此外,对部分危害较严重的朱砂叶螨、蔷薇长管蚜、温室白粉虱、椰圆盾蚧、康氏绵粉蚧、咖啡黑盔蚧等用牛尿合剂、风油精、醋盐合剂、烧碱合剂进行防治试验。试验结果表明,牛尿合剂、风油精对朱砂叶螨、蔷薇长管蚜等害虫均有好的防治效果。其中牛尿合剂1∶3,1∶5稀释液对朱砂叶螨、蔷薇长管蚜的防效第6天和第8天达到了98%以上。风油精1∶600稀释液对蔷薇长管蚜和温室白粉虱的防效均达到了100%。从醋盐合剂、烧碱溶液对3种蚧类的防治试验结果来看,烧碱溶液对康氏绵粉蚧和咖啡黑盔蚧的防效较好,分别为96.41%,87.76%。醋盐合剂对康氏绵粉蚧的防效次之,其防效为78.51%,这2种药剂对椰圆盾蚧几乎无效。
In this study, we investigated the species of pests and their occurrence in greenhouse in spring in Urumqi. The survey found that there are 15 main pests occurring in spring in greenhouse, of which 8 species are pests, accounting for 53.33% of the total, which are greenhouse pests Advantageous groups. In addition, some of the more serious damage Zhuang spider mite, Rose aphid, Greenhouse whitefly, coconut Duroc, Kang’s cottonseed mealybugs, etc. with cow urine urea mixture, wind cream, vinegar mixture, Caustic soda mixture for prevention and control tests. The test results show that the cow urine mixture, the wind cream on verbena spider mites, rose aphids and other pests have good control effect. Among them, the ratio of 1: 3 and 1: 5 of Bovine Urine Mixture reached over 98% on the 6th day and the 8th day in the control of Tetranychus cinnabarinus and Aphis gossypii. The effect of the 1: 600 dilution of essential oil on the Aphis gossypii rosea and B. tabaci was 100%. From the results of the prevention and cure test of the three kinds of scale from vinegar mixture and caustic soda solution, the control effect of caustic soda solution on Kangsibei mealybugs and coffee black hellebore was 96.41% and 87.76% respectively. Vinegar mixture Kangsong cotton seed scale control effect second, the control effect was 78.51%, these two agents on coconut shield scale is almost ineffective.