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目的探讨舟山海岛巨大胎儿出生的相关因素及不良妊娠结局,为孕期指导提供依据。方法对我院2004年～2006年479例巨大胎儿(出生体生>4000g)资料进行统计学分析,随机选择同期分娩的480例出生体重>3000g～<4000g的正常足月儿作为对照组,比较孕妇年龄、孕周、孕产次、身高、体重(孕前基础体重及孕期体重增长幅度)、分娩方式、并发症等有关情况。结果出生体重>4000g孕妇身高、孕前基础体重、孕期体重增长幅度、孕周、孕产次均高于正常出生体重者,并均有统计学差异(p<0.01)。出生体重>4000g男婴多于女婴,出生体重>4000g分娩方式以剖宫产为主,手术产率明显高于出生体重>3000g～<4000g。结论产妇的孕前基础体重、孕期体重增长幅度、身高、孕周、宫高、腹围是否合并妊娠期糖尿病是巨大胎儿发生的相关因素,巨大胎儿的分娩方式以剖宫产为相对安全。针对这些相关因素给予孕期保健指导,合理营养,有望降低巨大儿的发生率,改善围产结局。
Objective To explore the factors related to the birth of huge fetuses in Zhoushan Island and the unfavorable pregnancy outcomes, and provide the basis for guidance during pregnancy. Methods The data of 479 cases of huge fetus (birth weight> 4000g) in our hospital from 2004 to 2006 were statistically analyzed. Forty-eight normal full-term infants of birth weight> 3000g ~ <4000g at the same period of birth were randomly selected as the control group. Maternal age, gestational age, parity, height, weight (pre-pregnancy weight and body mass growth during pregnancy), mode of delivery, complications and other relevant circumstances. Results Birth weight> 4000g pregnant women, basal body weight before pregnancy, weight gain during pregnancy, gestational age, and gestational age were higher than those of normal birth weight (P <0.01). Birth weight> 4000g More than the baby boy baby, birth weight> 4000g cesarean delivery method based, surgical production was significantly higher than the birth weight> 3000g ~ <4000g. Conclusion Maternal pre-pregnancy weight, pregnancy weight gain, height, gestational age, uterine height, abdominal circumference with or without gestational diabetes mellitus are related factors of macrosomia fetus. The delivery method for macrosomia is relatively safe for cesarean section. For these related factors to give guidance during pregnancy health, reasonable nutrition, is expected to reduce the incidence of huge children, improve perinatal outcomes.