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原发性胃癌是世界范围发病率最高的恶性肿瘤之一,男性发病率是女性的2倍左右。男性和女性胃癌发病率的比例在不同地区和种族间没有差异,60岁以前随年龄的增长而上升。经典流行病学和分子流行病学研究证实,胃癌发病的性别差异是由慢性感染、饮食习惯、基因变异、遗传易感性、雌激素作用和生活方式行为差异等多种因素协同作用的结果。对于上述危险因素的研究,不仅有助于阐明胃癌的发生机制,更有助于完善胃癌的防控策略,进一步降低胃癌发生率。
Primary gastric cancer is the world’s highest incidence of malignant tumors, the incidence of men is about 2 times that of women. The incidence of gastric cancer in men and women in different regions and races there is no difference between the age of 60 before the rise with age. Classical epidemiology and molecular epidemiological studies have confirmed that the gender difference in the incidence of gastric cancer is a result of a combination of factors such as chronic infection, eating habits, genetic variation, genetic predisposition, estrogen effects and lifestyle behavior differences. The study of the above risk factors not only helps to elucidate the mechanism of gastric cancer, but also helps to improve the prevention and control strategies of gastric cancer and further reduce the incidence of gastric cancer.