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1.引言传统的点点通信(unicast)和广播通信(broadcast)是两种主要的通信方式,但随着Internet的日益普及、带宽的不断提高,利用IP组播技术在Internet上建立了虚拟的multicast backbone(Mbone),其上的点到多点通信的应用和各种工具也相继产生。人们可方便地在Mbone上举行远程视频会议,股票实时行情的分发,参与远程教育等。但可靠的组播协议的研究相对传统的点点协议而言,在错误控制、路由、流量控制、可伸缩性都具有其独有的特点,其复杂度也大得多。就错误控制和流量控制而言,传统的点点通信只涉及收发双
1. Introduction Traditional unicast and broadcast are the two main modes of communication. However, with the increasing popularity of the Internet and increasing bandwidth, IP Multicast has been used to establish a virtual multicast on the Internet Backbone (Mbone), on which the application of point to multipoint communication and a variety of tools have also been produced. People can easily hold long-distance video conferencing on Mbone, real-time stock market distribution, participation in distance education. However, the study of reliable multicast protocol is more complex than error control, routing, traffic control, scalability and so on. In terms of error control and flow control, the traditional little bit of communication only involves sending and receiving double