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前言女真族,是我国古代北方民族之一,是由历代居住在我国东北地区的肃慎、挹娄、勿吉、靺褐等氏族、部族发展而来的。到五代时始称女真,辽朝契丹统治者为了避兴宗耶律宗真的名讳,把“女真”改为“女直”。女真,这个古老的民族,在我国的历史上留下了巨大的足迹,写下了光辉的史页。早在商代,肃慎氏献楛矢石砮,同中原地区有了密切的关系,受到中原地区先进的经济、文化的影响。在唐开元年间,靺鞨族的一支粟末靺鞨,沿袭唐制,曾建立过文明的渤海国,“有文字、礼乐、官府、制度”。五代时,契丹灭了渤海国,而靺鞨的另一支黑水靺鞨也附属于契丹。黑水靺鞨“其在南者,籍契丹,号‘熟女直’,其在北者,不在契丹籍,号‘生女直’”。
Foreword Nuzhen people, is one of the ancient northern peoples of our country, is from the past lives in northeast China’s Su Shen, Lou, not Kyrgyzstan, khaki and other clans and tribes developed. By the time of the Five Dynasties, Jurchen was called. In order to avoid the true name of the Yelv, Liao Dynasty rulers of the Khitan changed “Jurchen” to “Jurong.” Jurchen, this ancient nation, left a huge footprint in the history of our country and wrote a glorious history page. As early as the Shang dynasty, Su Shen’s offering of stone shit, with the Central Plains region has a close relationship, by the Central Plains region’s advanced economy, culture. During the first year of the Tang Dynasty, a Lisu tribe, followed the Tang system, has established a civilized Bohai State with “written, ritual, official, and system.” During the Five Dynasties, Khitan extinguished the Bohai Sea State, while the other Han Shek Kui of the Qionglai was affiliated to Khitan. Blackwater 靺 鞨 “In the South, Ji Khitan, No. ’Mature straight’, in the north, not Khitan membership, No. ’straight girls’.”