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本文介绍了各种工艺参数对钛及常用钛合金离子氮化过程影响的基本规律,首次提出了离子氮化条件下氮在钛及常用钛合金中的扩散系数与温度的函数关系式:D_(Ti(α))=1.05×10~(-2)exp(-15900/T);D_(Ti(β))=2.14×10~(-3)exp(-13300/T);D_(TC_4(α+β))=9.33×10~(-3)exp(-16400/T);D_(TA_7(α))=1.59×10~(-2)exp(-15750/T)。根据这些结果,可以制定合理的钛材离子氮化工艺。研究表明,通过工艺参数的恰当选择,能够有效地控制氮化层的成分结构,从而获得所期望的性能组合。按照新工艺条件对钛材施行离子氮化处理,在保持基体韧性的前提下,钛材的表面硬度可提高3～10倍,耐磨性能可提高几倍至几十倍,摩擦系数可降到原来的1/2～1/5,在盐酸等还原性介质中的耐腐蚀性能可提高几十倍乃至上千倍。离子氮化过的钛部件适宜在动负荷、摩擦力和腐蚀性介质三者同时存在的苛刻环境中长期工作。本文还介绍了钛及钛合金离子氮化部件自1977年以来的应用概况及典型用例,并且展示了该工艺所具有的良好经济效果。
This paper introduces the basic rules of the influence of various process parameters on the nitriding process of titanium and common titanium alloy. The relationship between the diffusion coefficient and the temperature of nitrogen in titanium and common titanium alloy is proposed for the first time under the condition of ion nitriding: D_ ( Ti (α)) = 1.05 × 10 -2 exp (-15900 / T); D_ (Ti) = 2.14 × 10 -3 exp (-13300 / T); D_ (TC_4 α + β) = 9.33 × 10 -3 exp (-16400 / T); D_ (TA_7 (α)) = 1.59 × 10 -2 exp (-15750 / T). Based on these results, we can develop a reasonable titanium ion nitriding process. The research shows that through the proper selection of the process parameters, the compositional structure of the nitride layer can be effectively controlled to obtain the desired performance combination. In accordance with the new process conditions of titanium ion treatment, under the premise of maintaining the toughness of the substrate, titanium surface hardness can be increased by 3 to 10 times, wear resistance can be increased several times to several times, the friction coefficient can be reduced to The original 1/2 ~ 1/5, in hydrochloric acid and other reducing media corrosion resistance can improve several times or even thousands of times. Ion nitrided titanium parts suitable for dynamic load, friction and corrosive media exist in the harsh environment of long-term work. This article also introduces the application of titanium and titanium alloy nitride parts since 1977 and typical use cases, and shows the good economic benefits of the process.