提出了以单轴晶体材料为包层,光轴平行于光栅主轴(z轴)的新型啁啾光纤光栅模型,应用耦合模理论和传输矩阵方法在理论上分析了该类光纤光栅中的电光效应和弹光效应,理论研究发现在包层施加沿光栅轴向的电场和应变场可以改变布拉格波长和反射谱。得到了3种不同单轴晶体为包层时布拉格波长λB和反射光谱随外加电场和应变场变化的曲线。研究结果表明当轴向外加电场从1×107V/m变化到8×107V/m时λB减小0.12nm,当外加应变场从0变化到0.04时,λB减小0.45nm。 A new type of chirped fiber grating model with uniaxial crystal cladding as its cladding and parallel optical axis as the z axis is proposed. The electro-optical effect of such fiber gratings is theoretically analyzed by means of coupled-mode theory and transmission matrix method And the pop-up effect, theoretical studies have found that applying the electric and strain fields along the axial direction of the grating in the cladding can change the Bragg wavelength and the reflection spectrum. The curves of the wavelength λB and the reflection spectrum of Bragg with the change of applied electric field and strain field are obtained for three different uniaxial crystals. The results show that when the applied electric field changes from 1 × 107V / m to 8 × 107V / m, the λB decreases by 0.12nm. When the applied strain field changes from 0 to 0.04, λB decreases by 0.45nm.