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背景:近年来有大量研究描述鞋类(或赤脚)与运动学和动力学结果间的相互作用。但最近的研究结果表明,这种假定的相互作用主要依赖于受试者赤脚走(或跑)的经验,偏好的跑步模式、跑速、地面硬度、鞋底夹层材料厚度及跑步者的能力水平。本研究旨在调查赤脚跑和穿极简鞋跑的下肢运动学,以评价两种情况下赤脚运动学的可比性。为系统比较两种情况,我们在设置测量时监测了上述影响变量。我们的研究假设是,与赤脚跑相比,穿极简鞋跑时的下肢运动学不会改变。方法:37名未受伤且活动积极的受试者,首先赤脚在EVA塑胶跑道上跑,然后穿Nike Free 3.0跑鞋在塔坦室内塑胶跑道上跑。测量下肢三维运动学结果,定量分析脚跟和脚踝的移动。两种跑步情况下均用到皮肤标记。结果:所有受试者赤脚跑时都是脚跟着地模式。赤脚和穿极简鞋跑的区别主要出现在着地初期,矢状面和额状面均有差异。与穿极简鞋相比,赤脚跑触地时脚位更平、踝关节跖屈程度较大,脚跟内翻程度较小。结论:赤脚跑无法使触地模式自动改变为前脚掌着地,尤其是系统地排除了地面及其他影响因素之后。Nike Free 3.0跑鞋能模仿赤脚跑的部分特征,但其未来设计应进一步完善,从而更高程度地模仿赤脚跑的运动特征。
Background: In recent years there have been numerous studies describing the interaction between footwear (or barefoot) and kinematic and kinetic findings. However, recent findings suggest that this hypothetical interaction depends mainly on the subject’s barefoot walking experience, preferred running pattern, running speed, floor hardness, midsole material thickness, and runner’s ability level. The aim of this study was to investigate the lower limb kinematics of barefoot and minimalist running to assess the comparability of barefoot kinematics in both cases. To compare the two cases systematically, we monitored the above influencing variables when setting up the measurements. Our research hypothesis is that lower extremity kinematics will not change when wearing minimalist shoes compared to barefoot running. Methods: Thirty-seven uninjured and active subjects first ran barefoot on an EVA plastic track and then ran on a plastic runway in the rack with Nike Free 3.0 running shoes. Measure the three-dimensional kinematic results of the lower limbs and quantitatively analyze the heel and ankle movements. Skin marks are used for both runs. Results: All subjects walked barefoot with heel pattern. The difference between running barefoot and wearing a minimalist shoe mainly occurred during the initial stage of the site, with differences in the sagittal and frontal planes. Compared with wearing simple shoes, barefoot running touch when the foot is more flat, ankle plantar flexor greater degree of heel varus less. Conclusion: Barefoot can not automatically change touchdown mode to forefoot, especially after systematically excluding the ground and other factors. Nike Free 3.0 running shoes can mimic some of the characteristics of barefoot running, but its future design should be further improved to a higher degree of imitation of barefoot running characteristics.