The threshold anomaly (TA) in heavy-ion elastic scattering was first observed in 1983. The TA may be described mainly by the coupling of the elastic scattering
In 2000,the IAEA published an international code of practice (CoP) for dosimetry based on standards of absorbed dose to water,which includes procedure for proto
A muonic atom is an atom in which one of the electrons has been replaced by a negatively charged muon. Because of the very large mass of a muon compared with a
Nuclei with few valence nucleons outside the Z=38 and N=50 core provide good testing grounds for the shell model.The low-lying states of such nuclei with A≈90