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1895年签订的《马关条约》规定开辟苏州、沙市、重庆、杭州为通商口岸,同时在口岸中设立上海式的日本专管租界。随着清政府主权意识的不断增强,围绕苏州开埠开展了一场以约开通商场抵制专管租界的活动。虽然这一努力最终以失败而告结束,但它毕竟迈出了清政府抵制租界艰难的第一步,为以后“自开商埠”的出台准备了条件。
The Treaty of Shimonoseki signed in 1895 provided for the opening of the treaty ports in Suzhou, Shashi, Chongqing and Hangzhou and the establishment of a Shanghai-style Japanese concession in the port. As the Qing government’s sense of sovereignty continued to grow, a campaign was started to open the port in Suzhou to boycott the concession concession at about the same time. Although this effort eventually ended in failure, it did, after all, take the first step of the Qing government’s struggle against the concession and prepare the conditions for the introduction of the “Commercial Ports” since then.