Objective: The aim of our study was to investigate the expressions of Survivin and Caspase-3 in the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the paracancerous liver tissues, and define the relationship between the expression and the patients survival rate after surgery. Methods: The expressions of PCNA, Survivin and Caspase-3 were detected by immunohistochemistry. PCNA positive level was used to account proliferating cell nuclear antigen proliferating index (PCNA-PI). The apoptosis index of HCC tissues was detected by TUNEL. Results: The expression of Survivin in HCC tissue was higher than that in paracancerous tissue (P < 0.05), while it was related with portal vein thrombosis, tumor size and histological differentia- tion (P < 0.05). In HCC tissues, the PCNA-PI of the Survivin positive group was higher than the negative (P < 0.05) group, and the AI of the Survivin positive group was lower than the negative group (P < 0.05). The expression of Caspasse-3 in HCC tissue was lower than that in paracancerous tissue (P < 0.05), while it was related with HBsAg and histological differentiation (P < 0.05). In HCC tissues, the average PCNA-PI of the Caspase-3 positive group was lower than that of the negative group (P < 0.05), and the average AI of the Caspase-3 positive group was higher than that of the negative group (P < 0.05). There was negative correlation between the expressions of Survivin and Caspase-3 in HCC (r = -0.242, P < 0.05). The survival rate of the Survivin positive group was lower than that of the negative group (P < 0.05), while that of the Caspase-3 positive patients was higher than that of the negative group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The expressions of Survivin and Caspase-3 in HCC can reflex the biological behavior of HCC and patients prognosis, they may be new targets of tumor diagnosis and treatment. Objective: The aim of The study was to investigate the expressions of Survivin and Caspase-3 in the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the paracancerous liver tissues, and define the relationship between the expression and the patients survival rate after surgery. Methods: The expressions of PCNA, Survivin and Caspase-3 were detected by immunohistochemistry. PCNA positive level was used to account for proliferating cell nuclear antigen proliferating index (PCNA-PI). The apoptosis index of HCC tissues was detected by TUNEL. Results: The expression of Survivin in The HCC tissue was higher than that in paracancerous tissue (P <0.05), while it was related with portal vein thrombosis, tumor size and histological differentiation (P <0.05). In HCC tissues, the PCNA-PI of the Survivin positive group The expression of Caspasse-3 in HCC tissue was lower than that in (P <0.05) group, and the AI ​​of the Survivin positive group was lower than the negative group In HCC tissues, the average PCNA-PI of the Caspase-3 positive group was lower than that of the negative group (P <0.05), while it was related to HBsAg and histological differentiation 0.05), and the average AI of the Caspase-3 positive group was higher than that of the negative group (P <0.05). There was negative correlation between the expressions of Survivin and Caspase-3 in HCC (r = -0.242, P <0.05). The survival rate of the Survivin positive group was lower than that of the negative group (P <0.05), while that of the Caspase-3 positive patients was higher than that of the negative group (P <0.05). : The expressions of Survivin and Caspase-3 in HCC can reflex the biological behavior of HCC and patients prognosis, they may be new targets of tumor diagnosis and treatment.