初治肺结核530例应用六个月短程化疗,按随机法编为五组,见下表。治疗分二阶段:首二月住院,每日给药;后四月门诊,每日或间歇给药。完成治疗者共506例。剂量:H(异菸肼)300mg/日,R(利福平)600mg/日(体重,<50kg为450mg/日),E(乙胺丁醇)25mg/kg/日或50mg/kg间歇,S(链霉素)1g/日,Z(吡嗪酰胺)2g/日。出现副作用66例,占12.5％;各组发生率9～16％,首二月HRE和HRSZ组分别为5.3％和11.7％,后四月6.2％,各组相似。其中肝损害48例占9％;大多为无症状的暂时性转氨酶增高,很少伴胆红质或其它肝功异常,大多由H引起,极少由R 530 patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis should be treated with six-month short-course chemotherapy and randomly assigned to five groups, as shown in the following table. Treatment in two phases: first February hospitalized, daily administration; after April out-patient, daily or intermittent administration. A total of 506 patients completed the treatment. Doses were 300 mg / day for H (isoniazid), 600 mg / day for R (rifampicin) (450 mg / day for <50 kg body weight), 25 mg / kg / day for E (ethambutol) S (streptomycin) 1 g / day, Z (pyrazinamide) 2 g / day. There were 66 cases (12.5%) of the patients with side effects. The incidence of each group was 9-16%. The incidence of HRE and HRSZ in the first two months was 5.3% and 11.7% in the first two months and 6.2% in the second month, respectively. Of which 48 cases of liver damage accounted for 9%; mostly asymptomatic transient transaminases increased, rarely with bilirubin or other liver abnormalities, mostly caused by H, rarely by the R