一美国心理学家亚伯拉罕·马斯洛于1943年在《人类激励理论》中所提出的“基本需求层次理论”是行为科学的理论之一。该理论将需求分为五种,像阶梯一样从低到高,按层次逐级递升,分别为:生理上的需求、安全上的需求、情感和归属的需求、尊重的需求、自我实现的需求。然而在现实生活中,人们的基本需要常因社会的种种剥夺与限制而得不到满足,此 One of the theories of behavioral science put forward by Abraham Maslow, a American psychologist, in 1943 in The Theory of Human Incentives. The theory divides the needs into five categories, from low to high, like the ladder, and gradually increases according to the hierarchy: physiological demand, safety need, emotion and attribution need, respect need and self-actualization need . However, in real life, people’s basic needs are often not met by the deprivation and restriction of society. Therefore,