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林火是森林生态系统中一种重要的自然干扰,它直接或间接地将森林生态系统固定的碳重新释放到大气中,从而影响森林生态系统的碳预算和碳平衡。因此,科学准确地计量林火碳排放量对制定科学有效的林火管理措施,充分发挥森林的碳减排增汇效应,减缓气候变化速率等方面具有重要的意义。本文从林火排放的含碳气体、影响林火碳排放的因素、林火碳排放估算模型、林火碳排放量的估算四个方面阐述了林火碳排放的最新研究进展,针对目前林火碳排放研究中存在的问题,提出了今后的研究方向:1)森林可燃物燃烧效率的调查和测定;2)可燃物载量和林火烈度空间数据库的构建;3)林火间接碳排放的计量;4)气候变化条件下,林火碳排放的计量。
Forest fire is an important natural disturbance in forest ecosystem. It directly or indirectly releases fixed carbon in forest ecosystem to the atmosphere, thus affecting the carbon budget and carbon balance of forest ecosystem. Therefore, it is of great significance to scientifically and accurately measure the carbon emission of forest fires in formulating scientific and effective forest fire management measures, giving full play to the effect of increasing carbon emission in forests and slowing the rate of climate change. This paper elaborates the latest research progress of carbon emission from forest fire from four aspects: the carbon emission from forest fire, the factors that affect carbon emission from forest fire, the estimation model of carbon emissions from forest fire, and the carbon emissions from forest fire. Future research directions for carbon emission research are proposed as follows: 1) Investigation and determination of combustibles combustion efficiency in forest; 2) Construction of spatial database of combustibles loading and forest fire intensity; 3) Indirect carbon emissions from forest fires Measurement; 4) Measurement of carbon emissions from forest fires under climate change conditions.