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配合形态诊断,并施给该元素考察反应和效果是研究作物营养缺素症的主要手段。据此在天津滨海盐碱地区果园进行了苹果缺钙形态症状考查和钙处理(喷叶和浸果)试验。结果证明,本地区苹果存在部分品种上较严重缺钙营养失调病,采收期的苹果苦陷病果率因年份和果园条件而异,可达50％以上。叶面喷钙和采收后浸钙试验,都对病果率和病指数的降低有明显反应和效果。“国光”、“红玉”可能是易感缺钙品种,“元帅”、“金冠”甜种抗性强。试验证明,防治苹果缺钙苦陷病,喷叶不如喷果,采收后用钙盐溶液浸果,几乎与喷钙有同样或较高的效果。钙营养是影响果树生长和水果质量的重要元素,应引起重视,并做进一步的试验研究。
With the morphological diagnosis, and the application of the element to examine the reaction and the effect is the main means of crop nutrient deficiency. Based on this, we investigated the morphological characteristics of apple calcium deficiency and the calcium treatment (spraying leaves and soaking fruits) in the orchard of Tianjin coastal saline-alkali region. The results show that there are some varieties of apple in the region more serious calcium deficiency disorders, the recovery rate of apple pits due to the year and orchard conditions vary, up to 50%. Spraying foliar calcium and after-harvesting calcium test, both the disease rate and disease index decreased significantly response and effect. “Guoguang”, “ruby” may be susceptible to calcium deficiency varieties, “Marshal”, “Golden Delicious” sweet species resistance. Experiments show that prevention and treatment of apple calcium deficiency disease, sprayed as sprayed fruit, after the harvest with calcium salt solution soaked fruit, almost the same or higher spray calcium effect. Calcium nutrition is an important element that affects the growth and fruit quality of fruit trees, which should be paid attention to and further tested.