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1988年对湖北省12700名儿童进行了智力低下流行病学调查。发现智力低下(MR)患儿128例,患病率为1.01%,其病因主要为遗传性疾病(占32.sl%)、围产因素(占18.75%)、中枢神经系统感染(占12.50%)、癫痛、脑意外损伤(占12.93%);非医学因素社会文化型2例,原因不明27例。此次流行病学调查提示城市以遗传疾病及围产因素为主,农村以后天获得性疾病为主。因此,加强婚前保健、遗传病筛查、围产期保健及后天获得性疾病的防治是降低智力低下的关键。
In 1988, 12700 children in Hubei Province were investigated for their mental retardation. Found 128 cases of mental retardation (MR) in children, the prevalence was 1.01%, the main causes of genetic diseases (accounting for 32.sl%), perinatal factors (18.75%), central nervous system infection (12.50%), epilepsy, brain injury (12.93%); non-medical social and cultural factors in 2 cases, 27 cases of unknown cause. The epidemiological survey prompted the city to genetic diseases and perinatal factors, acquired mainly in rural areas. Therefore, strengthening premarital health care, genetic disease screening, prevention of perinatal health care and acquired diseases is the key to reducing mental retardation.