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目的了解新沂市2006-2014年戊型病毒性肝炎(戊肝)的流行病学特征,为制定防控措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对新沂市2006-2014年戊肝疫情报告资料进行分析。结果新沂市2006-2014年共报告戊肝258例,年平均发病率3.11/10万;发病时间相对集中在冬春季1-4月(141例,54.65%),秋季7-9月(61例,23.64%);各镇均有发病,新安镇发病率最高(4.81/10万),城岗最低(0.40/10万),各镇发病率存在统计学差异(χ2=212.14,P<0.001);男女病例性别比为4.86∶1,男性发病率高于女性,差异有统计学意义(χ2=224.03,P<0.001)。戊肝发病以中老年为主,发病高峰为40~79岁(231例,89.53%);职业构成以农民居多(161例,73.5%)。结论新沂市近年来戊肝发病率有明显上升趋势,男性,40~79岁中老年人是发病的重点人群。应加强健康宣教,特别是对农民的宣教,加强食品和饮水的卫生监督管理,采取综合防控措施。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis E in Xinyi from 2006 to 2014 and provide a scientific basis for the development of prevention and control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data of hepatitis E epidemic situation in Xinyi City from 2006 to 2014. Results A total of 258 cases of hepatitis E were reported from 2006 to 2014 in Xinyi City, with an average annual incidence of 3.11 / 100 000. The onset time was relatively concentrated in January to April in winter and spring (141 cases, 54.65%), in autumn from July to September (61 The incidence of each town was statistically significant (χ2 = 212.14, P <0.001, P <0.001), with the highest incidence in Xin’an (4.81 / 100000) ). The sex ratio of male to female was 4.86:1, the incidence of male was higher than that of female, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 224.03, P <0.001). The incidence of hepatitis E was mainly middle-aged and elderly, with the peak incidence of 40 to 79 years old (231 cases, 89.53%). The occupational composition was mostly peasant (161 cases, 73.5%). Conclusion Xinyi City, in recent years, the incidence of hepatitis E has a clear upward trend in men, 40 to 79-year-old middle-aged and elderly are the focus of the crowd. Health education should be strengthened, especially for the peasants’ propaganda, health supervision and management of food and drinking water should be strengthened, and comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken.