文学是语言的艺术,这是学界难得的对文学本质认识上的共识之一。明确提出该命题的有高尔基,他在《和青年作家谈话》中说:“文学的第一要素是语言。”①在文学批评领域,许多批评家就是从文学语言的维度切入文学批评的,20世纪文学批评的主要价值就在于它的语言学转向。但历史总是 Literature is the art of language, which is one of the most common understandings of the essence of literature in academia. Gorky, who explicitly put forward this proposition, said in his “Conversation with Young Writers:” The first element of literature is language. "① In the field of literary criticism, many critics cut literary criticism from the perspective of literary language. The main value of century literary criticism lies in its linguistic turn. But history is always