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在分析气候与水资源特征的基础上 ,阐述了贵州喀斯特地区旱坡地与水资源的配置、降水时空分配、地质结构、生态环境和社会经济等方面存在的问题。贵州喀斯特山区旱坡耕地农业发展要围绕“集雨、抗旱”两个基本点 ,狠抓生物与工程措施相配套的坡土改梯土工程建设 ,实施水分涵养工程 ;因地制宜发展旱坡耕地以“小水窖”为主体内容的集雨节灌工程 ,增强旱地农耕系统抗御自然灾害的能力 ;通过增加冬季地面覆盖、选育与选用耐旱抗逆作物品种、调整作物播种期、以肥调水和化学抗旱剂应用以及保护性覆盖耕作技术 ,达到农业节水、农业发展、农民增收和水资源保护与高效利用的目标 ,促进水资源的合理高效利用
Based on the analysis of the characteristics of climate and water resources, the problems in the allocation of dryland and water resources, the spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation, geological structure, ecological environment and social economy in Guizhou Karst area are expounded. The agricultural development of arid slope cultivated land in Guizhou Karst mountainous areas should focus on two basic points of “collecting rain and fighting drought”, pay close attention to the construction of soil engineering for supporting slope-soil improvement with biological and engineering measures, and implement water conservation project; Water cellar "as the main part of the rainwater harvesting project to enhance the ability of dryland farming system to resist natural disasters; by increasing the winter ground cover, selection and selection of drought-tolerant and anti-stress crop varieties, adjust the crop seeding period, fertilizer and water Application of chemical drought-resistant agents and conservation tillage techniques to achieve the goal of saving water in agriculture, agricultural development, farmers’ income growth and water resources conservation and efficient utilization, and promoting the rational and efficient use of water resources