Nb和Ni可以有效地提高冷硬铸铁的高温力学性能,Mo对冷硬铸铁硬度影响较大,而对其强韧性指标影响不大。Nb和Ni可固溶于冷硬铸铁的珠光体、莱氏体和渗碳体中,使其固相转变速度降低,从而提高了冷硬铸铁的高温组织稳定性和力学性能。Mo仅固溶于渗碳体中,因而仅对冷硬铸铁的硬度有明显影响。 Nb and Ni can effectively improve the high temperature mechanical properties of chilled cast iron. Mo has a great influence on the hardness of chilled cast iron, but has little effect on its toughness index. Nb and Ni can be dissolved in the pearlite, ledeburite and cementite of chilled cast iron to reduce the solid-phase transition rate, thereby improving the high-temperature microstructure and mechanical properties of chilled cast iron. Mo is only solid-solved in the cementite and therefore has a significant effect on the hardness of chilled cast iron only.