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目的了解2012年北京市丰台区中小学学生伤害的发生水平和主要原因构成,探讨伤害发生的影响因素,为制定相关干预措施提供依据。方法选取丰台区小学、初中、高中各2所学校的在校学生进行问卷调查。结果共调查中小学学生1 030名,中小学学生平均伤害发生率为15.15%,男生伤害发生率高于女生,伤害的发生率有随年龄增长而升高的趋势,位于前5位的伤害类型分别为跌倒/跌落、打击/与人或物撞击敲击、锐器伤、动物致伤、烧烫伤,伤害发生的主要地点为学校和家中。单因素分析显示,男生、年龄、骑自行车、闯红灯、马路或街道玩轮滑或滑板、与他人动手打架、母亲是临时工或下岗人员、父亲文化程度是大学本科及以上是危险因素;多因素分析显示,学习阶段(OR=1.490)、与他人动手打架(OR=1.982)、母亲职业是临时工或下岗人员(OR=9.956)、母亲没有工作(OR=6.249)是危险因素,保护因素包括父亲职业是专业技术人员(如医生、教师、律师、工程师等)(OR=0.319),母亲文化程度是小学及以下(OR=0.199)。结论学生伤害由多因素作用导致,应强化学校、家庭对学生的安全教育及防范措施,以有效减少儿童意外伤害的发生。
Objective To understand the occurrence level of primary and secondary school students in Fengtai District in Beijing in 2012 and the main causes of the injury, to explore the influencing factors of injury and to provide the basis for making relevant interventions. Methods A total of 2 schools in Fengtai District primary schools, middle schools and high schools were surveyed by questionnaires. Results A total of 1 030 primary and secondary school students were investigated. The average incidence of injuries among primary and secondary school students was 15.15%. The incidence of injuries among boys was higher than that of girls. The incidence of injuries increased with age. The injuries in the top 5 Respectively, fall / drop, hit / hit with people or objects percussion, sharp injuries, animal injuries, burns, injuries occur mainly for schools and home. Univariate analysis showed that men, age, cycling, running red lights, street or street skating or skateboarding, fighting with others, mothers were temporary workers or laid-off workers, and their father’s education level was undergraduate and above were risk factors. Multivariate analysis (OR = 1.982), mothers’ occupations were temporary workers or laid-off workers (OR = 9.956), mothers who did not work (OR = 6.249) were risk factors and protective factors included fathers Occupations were professional and technical personnel (such as doctors, teachers, lawyers, engineers, etc.) (OR = 0.319), and maternal education was lower than primary school (OR = 0.199). Conclusions The student injury is caused by many factors. It is necessary to strengthen the safety education and prevention measures for the students in schools and families so as to effectively reduce the occurrence of accidental injuries in children.