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碳纳米管由于其特异的光电及力学性能受到广泛的关注,但其在溶剂中的分散性及与材料的相容性较差,应用受到一定的限制。为了解决这一技术问题,已报道了多种修饰碳纳米管的方法。本文综述了通过自由基反应修饰碳纳米管的各种途径与方法,大体可分为小分子自由基反应改性碳纳米管与大分子自由基聚合反应改性碳纳米管。用于改性碳纳米管的小分子自由基包括芳香偶氮盐、过氧化物分解产生的自由基、卡宾与乃春自由基等;大分子自由基聚合反应包括ATRP、RAFT、NMP、铈离子引发聚合、原位聚合、溶液聚合、沉淀聚合、无皂乳液聚合、乳液聚合等。本文也简要地概述了通过其他途径产生的自由基修饰碳纳米管的方法。
Due to its special photoelectric and mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes by the widespread concern, but its dispersion in the solvent and poor compatibility with the material, the application is subject to certain restrictions. In order to solve this technical problem, various methods for modifying carbon nanotubes have been reported. In this paper, various approaches and methods for modifying carbon nanotubes through free radical reactions are summarized, which can be divided into small molecule free radical modified carbon nanotubes and macromolecule free radical polymerization modified carbon nanotubes. Small molecule free radicals used for the modification of carbon nanotubes include aromatic azo salts, free radicals generated by peroxide decomposition, carbenes and nisin free radicals and the like; and the macromolecule radical polymerization includes ATRP, RAFT, NMP, cerium ions Initiation polymerization, in situ polymerization, solution polymerization, precipitation polymerization, soap-free emulsion polymerization, emulsion polymerization and the like. This article also briefly outlines ways to generate free radical modified carbon nanotubes by other routes.