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目的了解医院获得性肺炎(HAP)病原菌构成及耐药性情况。方法统计2011—2014年度解放军251医院确诊为HAP并有细菌学资料的住院患者送检标本中分离的主要致病菌,并对致病菌耐药率情况进行分析。结果该院4年HAP主要致病菌检出数:鲍曼不动杆菌>肺炎克雷伯菌>铜绿假单胞菌>大肠埃希菌>金黄色葡萄球菌,检出数量呈逐年降低趋势。检出的主要致病菌除肺炎克雷伯菌外,耐药性均比较严重;各主要致病菌均对部分抗菌药物的耐药性有显著性变化。结论该院临床经验治疗应尽量选用耐药性低的抗菌药物,根据细菌培养及药敏试验结果合理选用抗菌药物。
Objective To understand the constitution and drug resistance of hospital acquired pneumonia (HAP) pathogens. Methods The main pathogenic bacteria isolated from hospitalized patients diagnosed as HAP with bacteriological data in 251 Hospital of PLA from 2011 to 2014 were analyzed, and the drug resistance rate of pathogenic bacteria was analyzed. Results The number of main pathogens of HAP in the hospital in four years was: Acinetobacter baumannii> Klebsiella pneumoniae> Pseudomonas aeruginosa> Escherichia coli> Staphylococcus aureus, and the number of HAP detected decreased year by year. The main pathogens detected except Klebsiella pneumoniae, the drug resistance are more serious; all major pathogens are part of the antibacterial drug resistance have significant changes. Conclusion The hospital clinical experience should try to use low-drug-resistant antibacterial drugs, based on bacterial culture and susceptibility testing results reasonable selection of antimicrobial agents.