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金属雾化过程中颗粒的尺寸大小及统计分布规律是影响粉末冶金和喷射沉积快速凝固材料组织和性能的关键因素。雾化气体的质量流率对金属颗粒的尺寸及分布有很大影响，本文根据热力学第一定律推导出雾化气体质量流率的表达式，气体质量流率主要受雾化器出口面积及气体膨胀比的影响，出口面积愈大，膨胀比愈小，气体质量流率愈大，当临界膨胀比（Ｐ２／Ｐ１）ｃ＝时，气体质量流率达到最大值。
The size and statistical distribution of particles in the process of metal atomization are the key factors that affect the microstructure and properties of the powder metallurgy and the rapidly solidified material by spray deposition. The mass flow rate of atomizing gas has great influence on the size and distribution of metal particles. According to the first law of thermodynamics, the expression of mass flow rate of atomizing gas is derived. The gas mass flow rate is mainly affected by the atomizer outlet area and gas The larger the outlet area, the smaller the expansion ratio and the larger the gas mass flow rate. When the critical expansion ratio (P2 / P1) c =, the gas mass flow rate reaches the maximum.