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角膜移植排斥反应是移植失败的主要原因。致敏T淋巴细胞在角膜移植排斥反应中起着重要的作用,是角膜排斥过程中的主要效应细胞。而T淋巴细胞的激活需要两个信号刺激,即除了通过APC递呈MHC处理过的抗原给抗原特异性T细胞提供第1信号外,还需协同刺激分子作为辅助信号的协同作用,才能使T细胞产生正常的免疫应答。如果缺少协同刺激分子的第2信号,将会导致调节性T细胞的无反应性或特异性免疫耐受。
Corneal graft rejection is the main reason for graft failure. Sensitized T lymphocytes play an important role in keratoplasty rejection and are the main effector cells in corneal rejection. The activation of T lymphocytes requires two signal stimuli, that is, in addition to providing MHC-treated antigens by APC to provide the first signal to antigen-specific T cells, synergistic stimulation of molecules as helper signals is required in order to make T The cells produce a normal immune response. The absence of the second signal of costimulatory molecules will result in the non-responsive or specific immune tolerance of regulatory T cells.