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目的了解肇庆市2010-2011年手足口病的流行特征。方法应用描述流行病学的方法对肇庆市2010-2011年手足口病疫情资料进行分析。结果肇庆市2010年报告手足口病10112例,报告发病率为263.70/10万,死亡病例8例,病死率为0.21/10万;2011年报告手足口病15030例,报告发病率为383.61/10万,无死亡病例报告。手足口病以4-7月发病较多,城区或城乡结合地区和经济发达地区为手足口病的高发区域。手足口病发病以散居和幼托儿童为主,1～3岁年龄段发病率最高。2010年以EV71为主要流行毒株,2011年EV71、其他肠道病毒和CoxA16相继成为优势毒株。2010年重症病例比例与EV71构成比成正相关关系(r=0.573,P<0.01)。结论肇庆市手足口发病存在明显的季节、地区、性别及年龄的差异,重症病例发生与EV71构成有关。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease in Zhaoqing from 2010 to 2011. Methods Epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemic situation of HFMD in Zhaoqing from 2010 to 2011. Results In 2010, Zhaoqing City reported 10112 cases of hand-foot-mouth disease, with a reported incidence of 263.70 / 100,000 and 8 deaths, with a case fatality rate of 0.21 / 100,000. In 2011, 15,030 cases of hand-foot-mouth disease were reported, with a reported incidence of 383.61 / 10 Million, no deaths case report. Hand-foot-mouth disease onset in April-July more, urban or rural areas and economically developed areas for HFMD high incidence area. Hand, foot and mouth disease incidence to diaspora and child care-based, 1 to 3 years old the highest incidence. In 2010 EV71 as the main epidemic strain, 2011 EV71, other enterovirus and CoxA16 have become the dominant strains. The proportion of severe cases in 2010 was positively correlated with the composition ratio of EV71 (r = 0.573, P <0.01). Conclusions The incidence of hand, foot and mouth in Zhaoqing city has obvious seasonal, regional, gender and age differences. The occurrence of severe cases is related to the composition of EV71.