论文部分内容阅读
Ⅰ.引言真空中的一个间隙可以承受高电压而作为良好的绝缘体,这是电子技术中所熟知而经常利用的一个现象。在理想情况下,所能承受的电场强度仅限制于电极表面的电子发射,而可达到10~7伏/厘米。在实际器件中,有时在低二至三个数量级的电场强度即10~5～10~4伏/厘米时会发生击穿,而成为限制器件性能的主要因素。真空中电绝缘的重要性是因为它在近代技术中关系到下述一些器件的应用。
I. INTRODUCTION A gap in a vacuum can withstand high voltages as a good insulator, a phenomenon well-known and often used in electronics. Under ideal conditions, the strength of the electric field that can be sustained is only limited to the electron emission on the surface of the electrode, and can reach 10-7V / cm. In actual devices, breakdown sometimes occurs at field strengths of two to three orders of magnitude lower, that is, 10-5 to 10-4 volts / cm, which becomes a major factor in limiting device performance. The importance of electrical insulation in vacuum is due to its relevance to some of the devices described below in modern technology.