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目的了解农村地区儿童抑郁及留守状况对抑郁发生的影响,为进一步开展针对性干预措施提供依据。方法运用儿童抑郁量表(CDI)、家庭功能量表(APGAR)及自编问卷,对整群随机抽取的安徽省某县农村中小学生2 917名进行问卷调查。结果农村儿童抑郁症状检出率为10.4%,留守儿童抑郁症状检出率为12.1%,高于非留守儿童的8.0%(P<0.01)。儿童家庭功能总分与儿童抑郁量表(CDI)总分呈显著负相关(P<0.01)。多元Logistic回归分析显示,留守状态、年级低、寄宿、父亲文化低、家庭年收入低、学习成绩差的儿童更易发生抑郁症状;家庭功能好的留守儿童抑郁症状检出率较低。结论建立良好的家庭环境,改善农村地区儿童的留守状况,可能降低儿童抑郁症状的发生。
Objective To understand the impact of depression and left-behind status on depression in children in rural areas, and to provide basis for further targeted interventions. Methods A total of 2 917 primary and secondary school students from a rural county in Anhui Province were randomly selected from the CDI, APGAR and self-compiled questionnaires. Results The prevalence of depressive symptoms in rural children was 10.4%, that of left-behind children was 12.1%, higher than that of non-left-behind children (P <0.01). There was a significant negative correlation between the total score of children’s family functioning and the total score of children’s depression scale (CDI) (P <0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that children with left-behind status, low grade, low boarding, low father’s education, low annual family income, and poor academic performance were more likely to have depressive symptoms. The detection rate of depressive symptoms among left-behind children with good family functions was lower. Conclusion Establishing a good family environment and improving the left-behind status of children in rural areas may reduce the occurrence of depressive symptoms in children.