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通过数值模拟研究了正弦温度波作用下建筑内墙定型相变材料板的热特性并与传统的墙体材料——砖和泡沫混凝土板相比较。利用焓法建立的一维瞬态模型采用全隐差分格式迭代求解。计算结果表明,与砖和泡沫混凝土板相比,定型相变材料板表面温度变化不仅波幅有较大的衰减,时间延迟也较明显;相变温度是影响波幅衰减程度的重要因素;对于一定的温度波,相变材料潜热、导热系数和表面换热系数均存在极限值,超过此值,相变材料板表面温度受室内温度波动的影响很弱;相变材料板厚度对表面温度波动几乎无影响;相变温度区间的扩大使表面温度有轻微的波动。所得结果为太阳能建筑及相关领域中相变材料的选择与应用提供参考。
By numerical simulation, the thermal characteristics of the interior wall fixed phase change material plate under sinusoidal temperature wave were studied and compared with the traditional wall material - brick and foam concrete slab. The one-dimensional transient model established by enthalpy method is solved by iterative method with all implicit difference schemes. The calculated results show that, compared with brick and foam concrete slab, the temperature change of the surface of the plate is not only attenuated but also significantly delayed. The phase transition temperature is an important factor that affects the amplitude attenuation. Temperature wave, latent heat of phase change material, thermal conductivity and surface heat transfer coefficient all have the limit values beyond which the surface temperature of phase change material plate is weakly influenced by the fluctuation of indoor temperature. The thickness of phase change material plate has almost no fluctuation on surface temperature Influence; The expansion of the phase transition temperature range causes the surface temperature to fluctuate slightly. The results provide a reference for the selection and application of phase change materials in solar buildings and related fields.