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应用单细胞凝胶电泳法（ＳＣＧＥ）测定新型汽油添加剂甲基叔丁醚（ＭＴＢＥ）及其代谢产物叔丁醇（ＴＢＡ）、α－羟基异丁酸（ＨＩＢＡ）和甲醛引起的人白血病细胞（ＨＬ－６０细胞）ＤＮＡ损伤，以乳酸脱氢酶的释放评价其细胞毒性。结果显示，ＭＴＢＥ、ＴＢＡ和ＨＩＢＡ在１～３０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ浓度范围内能够引起ＤＮＡ损伤并有明显的剂量反应关系；另一代谢产物甲醛在浓度５μｍｏｌ／Ｌ时即可产生ＤＮＡ损伤，但浓度升高时出现ＤＮＡ迁移减少。提示ＭＴＢＥ及其代谢产物可能具有遗传毒性。然而在引起ＤＮＡ损伤的剂量范围内却没有观察到ＭＴＢＥ、ＴＢＡ和ＨＩＢＡ的细胞毒性，而甲醛则表现明显的细胞毒性作用
Single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) was used to determine the effects of MTBE and its metabolites t-butanol (TBA), α-hydroxyisobutyric acid (HIBA) and formaldehyde on human leukemia cells HL-60 cells), and its cytotoxicity was evaluated by the release of lactate dehydrogenase. The results showed that MTBE, TBA and HIBA could cause DNA damage and obvious dose-response relationship in the concentration range of 1 ~ 30mmol / L. Another metabolite formaldehyde could induce DNA damage at a concentration of 5μmol / L, but the concentration was increased A decrease in DNA migration occurs. Suggesting that MTBE and its metabolites may be genotoxic. However, no cytotoxicity of MTBE, TBA and HIBA was observed in the dose range that caused DNA damage, whereas formaldehyde showed a significant cytotoxic effect