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0前言目前汽车被动安全性技术仍是汽车安全性研究的重要内容,国内外各大汽车公司都有专门的技术人员和最先进的计算机设备从事汽车被动安全性的试验和分析工作。毫无疑问,实车试验是汽车安全性研究最准确、最可靠的手段,但费用高、周期长,而计算机模拟恰好能弥补这些缺点,因此为减少新产品的开发成本,缩短开发周期,提高产品的竞争力,备汽车厂商都采取了实车试验与计算机模拟相结合的方法。对于结构改进,计算机模拟可以在短时间内对多种方案做出比较,从而得到满意的改进方案。可以说计算机模拟是近年来汽车安全性能得以提高的重要手段。然而,整车碰撞有限元建模复杂.模拟计算过程乘中影响结果的因素也很多,因而,取得模拟分析与试验结果的一致性,是模拟分析中极为重要的内容,也是模拟分析的难点。实车开发过程中,可利用初级物理样车的碰撞试验结果来调整并验证所建立的整车碰撞有限元建模,再利用已验证的整车碰撞有限元模型来指导车型设计,提高车型碰撞性能,减少实车碰撞次数。
0 Foreword At present the car passive safety technology is still the important content of the automobile safety research. The major automobile companies at home and abroad have specialized technicians and the most advanced computer equipment to carry out the test and analysis of the passive safety of the automobile. There is no doubt that the real car test is the most accurate and reliable vehicle safety research, but the high cost, long cycle, and computer simulation just to make up for these shortcomings, so to reduce new product development costs, shorten the development cycle and improve The competitiveness of products, prepared by car manufacturers have taken a real car test and computer simulation method of combining. For structural improvements, computer simulations can compare multiple alternatives in a short period of time, resulting in a satisfactory improvement. It can be said that computer simulation is an important means to improve the safety of vehicles in recent years. However, the finite element modeling of vehicle crash is complicated, and there are many factors that affect the results by multiplying the simulation calculation process. Therefore, the consistency between simulation results and test results is extremely important in simulation analysis and also the difficulty of simulation analysis. During the actual vehicle development, the collision test results of the primary physical prototype can be used to adjust and verify the established finite element modeling of the entire vehicle collision, and then use the verified finite element model of the vehicle collision to guide the vehicle design and improve the vehicle collision Performance, reduce the number of real car collisions.