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RNA干扰(RNAi)是由外源性或内源性双链RNA诱发的转录后基因沉默机制,能高效特异性抑制突变基因表达,恢复正常基因功能。卵巢癌的发生是多基因参与并经多阶段演进而形成的疾病,RNAi现象的发现为卵巢癌的基因治疗提供了一种新的思路。通过RNAi技术可抑制卵巢癌致癌基因的表达,阻断细胞凋亡与分裂,增强卵巢癌传统化疗药物的敏感性,抑制肿瘤的浸润与转移,RNAi可能成为卵巢癌基因治疗的新策略。本文就RNAi的分子机制、特性以及RNAi技术在卵巢癌基因治疗领域的应用进行综述。
RNA interference (RNAi) is a post-transcriptional gene silencing mechanism induced by exogenous or endogenous double-stranded RNA, which can efficiently and specifically inhibit the expression of mutant genes and restore normal gene function. Ovarian cancer is a multi-gene involved in the multi-stage evolution and the formation of the disease, the discovery of RNAi for ovarian cancer gene therapy provides a new way of thinking. RNAi can inhibit ovarian cancer oncogene expression, block apoptosis and division, enhance the sensitivity of traditional chemotherapy drugs ovarian cancer, inhibit tumor invasion and metastasis, RNAi may become a new strategy for ovarian cancer gene therapy. This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms and properties of RNAi and the application of RNAi in the field of ovarian cancer gene therapy.