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目的分离与重建人体胸主动脉弓的三维仿真模型,对人体胸主动脉中的脉冲血流进行三维数值模拟和研究。方法运用计算流体力学的基本原理和血流动力学的相关知识,依据临床上采集到的人胸CT扫描数据,运用图像处理软件Mimics分离并重建人体胸主动脉弓的三维仿真模型。结果计算出当以抛物型脉冲血流作为初始速度时,正常人的胸主动脉内血液流动在心动周期内不同时刻的血液流场、壁面压力、速度分布。主动脉弓与分支血管交界面远心端的血流速度明显高于近心端的血流速度,主动脉弓段内外壁血流存在明显的压力差,血流速度和压力变化剧烈区域,特别是左锁骨下动脉分出点以下约2～3cm处的局部区域,与临床主动脉夹层易发区域相吻合。这说明血流压力和速度对胸主动脉夹层的发生有很大的影响。结论基于CT扫描数据进行数值模拟与仿真建模有利于深入开展生物流体力学研究,而主动脉弓血液流场的数值模拟对临床主动脉夹层的诊断和治疗提供了很大的帮助。
OBJECTIVE: To separate and reconstruct the three-dimensional simulation model of the human aortic arch and conduct three-dimensional numerical simulation and research on the pulse blood flow in the human thoracic aorta. Methods Using the basic principles of computational fluid dynamics and related knowledge of hemodynamics, a three-dimensional simulation model of human aortic arch was separated and reconstructed using image processing software Mimics according to the clinical data of human chest computed tomography (CT). Results When the parabolic pulse blood flow was used as the initial velocity, the blood flow, wall pressure and velocity distribution of blood flow in the normal thoracic aorta at different time points were calculated. The aortic arch and branch vessel interface at the telecentric end of the blood flow velocity was significantly higher than the proximal end of the blood flow velocity, there is a significant pressure difference between the aortic arch wall blood flow, blood flow velocity and pressure changes in the violent areas, especially the left subclavian artery points Out of the point about 2 ~ 3cm at the local area, and clinical aortic dissection prone area consistent. This shows that blood pressure and speed of the thoracic aortic dissection have a great impact. Conclusion The numerical simulation and simulation modeling based on CT scan data are beneficial to the further study of biological fluid mechanics. The numerical simulation of aortic arch blood flow field is of great help to the diagnosis and treatment of clinical aortic dissection.