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应用ＨＬＡ－ＤＲＢ，ＤＱＢ１序列特异性引物ＰＣＲ扩增方法，鉴定８１例ＩＤＤＭ患者，７个家系和８４例正常对照汉族人群的ＤＲＢ基因多态性及ＩＤＤＭ的ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ－ＤＱ基因单体型。结果表明：（１）ＩＤＤＭ患者ＤＲＢ１＊０３，ＤＲＢ１＊０９等位基因频率明显高于对照组，其频率分别为８．６４％ｖ．ｓ３．０％和２８．４％ｖ．ｓ１６．１（Ｐ＜０．０５）。（２）患者中ＤＲＢ１－ＤＲＢ３／ＤＲＢ１－ＤＲＢ４基因型频率明显高于对照组，即１９．８％ｖ．ｓ６．７％（Ｐ＜０．０５）。（３）首次证明ＤＲＢ１＊１２等位基因与中国人ＩＤＤＭ正相关。上述结果提示不同种族ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ型别分布的差异，可能是不同种族人群ＩＤＤＭ发病率变化的分子基础。
DRB gene polymorphism and HLA-DR-DQ haplotype in IDDM, 81 pedigrees and 84 normal Han population were identified by PCR amplification of HLA-DRB and DQB1 sequence-specific primers. The results showed that: (1) The frequencies of DRB1 * 03 and DRB1 * 09 alleles in IDDM patients were significantly higher than those in control subjects with frequency of 8.64% v. s 3.0% and 28.4% v. s16.1 (P <0.05). (2) The frequency of DRB1-DRB3 / DRB1-DRB4 genotype in patients was significantly higher than that in control group, which was 19.8% v. s6.7% (P <0.05). (3) For the first time, DRB1 * 12 allele was positively correlated with Chinese IDDM. The above results suggest that the differences in the distribution of HLA-DR types in different ethnic groups may be the molecular basis for the changes in the incidence of IDDM in different ethnic groups.