马丁·路德是一个有争议的历史人物,中外学者对他的评价历来就有分歧,直到1983年10月,中世纪史学会在长沙召开的专题会议,仍然对他的功过是非进行了十分激烈的争论。真可说是五百年来众说纷纭,莫衷一是。长期的争论不仅未能取得一致的认识,而且还暴露出不少问题。因此,有必要专门就争论本身作一些反思:考察引起争论的各种原因,分析争论者的史学理论和方法,探讨不同价值观念的表现形式。这些工 Martin Luther was a controversial historical figure. Both Chinese and foreign scholars have always disagreed with him. Until October 1983, the Symposium on Medieval History held in Changsha still violated his merits and demerits Controversy What can be said is that there are many different opinions over the past five hundred years. Long-standing debate not only failed to achieve a common understanding, but also exposed many problems. Therefore, it is necessary to make some reflections on the debate itself: to examine the various causes of the controversy, to analyze the theories and methods of the historians of the arguments and to discuss the manifestations of different values. These workers