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为了分析列车在站内起动和进站制动时弓网系统接触面材料的电气磨损情况,对弓网系统静态升降弓过程所产生的弓网电弧特性开展了研究。基于磁流体动力学理论,建立了弓网电弧等离子体有限元分析模型,利用有限元仿真软件计算了电弧的动力学方程和电磁学方程,得出了在不同间隙距离下的电弧温度场分布情况和不同接触线廓型情况下的接触线温度场分布情况。并通过仿真结果与试验结果对比验证了仿真模型的正确性。研究结果表明,随着弓网间隙的不断减小,靠近接触网导线处的电弧弧柱半径增大,接触线表面最高温度从1 872 K下降为956 K,受电弓滑板表面的最高温度由5 400 K下降为3 590 K;且在一定弓网间隙情况下,接触线表面最高温度较滑板表面最高温度低。同时,当接触线廓型半径由8 mm增加至15 mm,接触线表面最高温度有一定程度的降低。分析仿真结果可得,列车静态升降弓时,不同弓网间隙情况下的电弧温度场分布不同,但滑板表面材料的电气磨损均较接触线严重。此外,通过适当增大接触网导线廓形半径可降低接触线表面的电气磨损。
In order to analyze the electrical wear of the material of the contact surface of the pantograph system during starting and stopping brakes in the station, the arc characteristics of the pantograph produced during the static raising and lowering of the piedmont system were studied. Based on the theory of magnetohydrodynamics, a finite element analysis model of arcing plasma arc was established. The dynamic equations and electromagnetic equations of the arc were calculated by using the finite element simulation software, and the distribution of the arc temperature field under different gap distances And the contact line under different contact line profile temperature field distribution. The correctness of the simulation model is verified by comparing the simulation results with the experimental results. The results show that with the decrease of the bow-net clearance, the radius of the arc arc near the contact wire increases, the maximum contact surface temperature decreases from 1872 K to 956 K, and the maximum temperature of the pantograph skateboard surface is reduced from 5 400 K down to 3 590 K; and in a certain bow gap situation, the maximum contact surface temperature skateboard surface temperature is lower than the maximum. At the same time, when the radius of the contact line profile increases from 8 mm to 15 mm, the maximum contact surface temperature decreases to a certain degree. Analysis of the simulation results shows that when the train moves up and down the bow, the distribution of arc temperature field varies with different bow gap, but the electrical wear of skateboard surface material is more serious than the contact line. In addition, electrical wear on the surface of the contact wire can be reduced by appropriately increasing the contact wire’s profile radius.