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遗传性不同的亲本杂交,其杂种第一代(F_1),常常在一些性状上超出双亲的现象,叫杂种优势。在生物界中,这是一个普遍的现象。 1760年,德国植物遗传育种家科尔鲁特,用早熟的普通烟草和较晚熟的心叶烟草进行种间杂交,得到了早熟、品质优良的烟草杂种。达尔文用了10年的时间,对植物界异花受精和自花受精的变异情况进行考察,并对比研究了不同植物亲本与其杂种后代,在种子发芽率、植株高度、重量、结实率、能孕性等多方面的差异,共包括30个科52个属57个物种和许多变种品系。得出了“异花受精一般对后
Hereditary parents of different hybrids, the hybrid first generation (F_1), often in some traits than the phenomenon of parents, called heterosis. In the biological world, this is a common phenomenon. In 1760, the German plant genetic breeder Kerrut, with early maturity of ordinary tobacco and late-maturing cardio-leaf tobacco interspecific hybridization, get early maturity, high quality tobacco hybrids. Darwin spent 10 years examining the variation of cross-fertilization and self-fertilization in the plant kingdom, and compared the parents and their offspring of different plants with different seed germination rate, plant height, weight, seed setting rate, Sexual and other differences, a total of 30 families and 52 genera and 57 species and many varieties of varieties. Derived ”cross-fertilization is generally right